It set up a paramilitary-style wing called the Ulster Protestant Volunteers (UPV). Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British Army soldier from Northern Ireland. [citation needed] There were also reports that UVF members fired shots at police lines during a protest. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. [58][59][105] Graham has held the position since he assumed office in 1976. It issued a statement vowing to "remove republican elements from loyalist areas" and stop them "reaping financial benefit therefrom". It issued a statement vowing to "remove republican elements from loyalist areas" and stop them "reaping financial benefit therefrom". Birgen, Julia. for a proxy bomb attack targeting a "peace-building" event in Belfast where Irish Foreign Minister Simon Coveney was speaking. [citation needed] The feud between the UVF and the LVF erupted again in the summer of 2005. In Belfast, loyalists responded by attacking nationalist districts. [28], By 1969, the Catholic civil rights movement had escalated its protest campaign, and O'Neill had promised them some concessions. [45], UVF mural in the Shankill Road, where the Brigade Staff is based, In 1974, hardliners staged a coup and took over the Brigade Staff. Two members of the group survived the attack and later testified against those responsible. These included a number of UVF's commanders like Big Bill Campbell, head of the UVF in Scotland, and 3 of the McGurk's Bar bombers. [15] In the late summer and autumn of 1973 the UVF detonated more bombs than the UDA and IRA combined,[16] and by the time of the group's temporary ceasefire in late November it had been responsible for over 200 explosions that year. [31], The UVF had launched its first attack in the Republic of Ireland on 5 August 1969, when it bombed the RT Television Centre in Dublin. [13], Like the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), the UVF's modus operandi involved assassinations, mass shootings, bombings and kidnappings. John Bingham (loyalist) . These included the Miami Showband killings of 31 July 1975 when three members of the popular showband were killed, having been stopped at a fake British Army checkpoint outside Newry in County Down. [107] A British Army report released in 2006 estimated a peak membership of 1,000. They catalogue the atrocities in which the UVF were involved, including the. Loyalists were successful in importing arms into Northern Ireland. [101], In April 2021, riots erupted across Loyalist communities in Northern Ireland.[relevant? [37], In December 1969 the IRA had split into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA. The arms are thought to have consisted of: The UVF used this new infusion of arms to escalate their campaign of sectarian assassinations. [54] This had been thoroughly endorsed by Gusty Spence who issued a statement asking all UVF volunteers to support the new regime. The story of former UVF member Alistair Little. [34] In December, the UVF detonated a car bomb near the Garda central detective bureau and telephone exchange headquarters in Dublin. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. [145][146] It is estimated that the UVF nevertheless received hundreds of thousands of pounds in donations to its Loyalist Prisoners Welfare Association. Menu According to the Belfast Telegraph, "70 separate police intelligence reports implicating the north Belfast UVF man in dealing cannabis, Ecstasy, amphetamines and cocaine. Six of the victims were abducted at random, then beaten and tortured before having their throats slashed. [67] According to Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN), the UVF killed 17 active and four former republican paramilitaries. [92] There were also reports that UVF members fired shots at police lines during a protest. Hello, Liveops. The UVF killed four men in Belfast and trouble ended only when the LVF announced that it was disbanding in October of that year. [64] Republicans responded to the attacks by assassinating senior UVF members John Bingham, William "Frenchie" Marchant and Trevor King[65] as well as Leslie Dallas, whose purported UVF membership was disputed both by his family and the UVF. The gang comprised, in addition to the UVF, rogue elements of the UDR, RUC, SPG, and the regular Army, all acting allegedly under the direction of British Military Intelligence and/or RUC Special Branch. This gang was led by Lenny Murphy. Is UVFs Beast in the East behind new wave of riots? [10] Other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew most of its support from the Catholic community. This was in retaliation for attacks on Loyalist homes the previous weekend and after a young girl was hit in the face with a brick by Republicans. [84][85], On 28 May 2010, the UVF was severely criticised over the murder of Moffett. [53] These men had overthrown the "hawkish" officers, who had called for a "big push", which meant an increase in violent attacks, earlier in the same month. The UVF launched further attacks in the Republic of Ireland during December 1972 and January 1973, when it detonated three car bombs in Dublin and one in Belturbet, County Cavan, killing a total of five civilians. On 17 February 1979, the UVF carried out its only major attack in Scotland, when its members bombed two pubs in Glasgow frequented by Irish-Scots Catholics. Chiefs of Staff [ edit] Gusty Spence (1966). In October 1975, after staging a counter-coup, the Brigade Staff acquired a new leadership of moderates with Tommy West serving as the Chief of Staff. is it okay to take melatonin after covid vaccine. "[129], According to Alan McQuillan, the assistant director of the Assets Recovery Agency in 2005, "In the loyalist community, drug dealing is run by the paramilitaries and it is generally run for personal gain by a large number of people." Loyalists were successful in importing arms into Northern Ireland. On 23 October 1972, the UVF carried out an armed raid against King's Park camp, a UDR/Territorial Army depot in Lurgan. House of Commons: Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, Cusack & McDonald, p.34-35, 105, 199, 205, Ulster Loyalist Central Co-ordinating Committee, Articles with dead external links from November 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Proscribed paramilitary organisations in Northern Ireland, Organizations designated as terrorist in Europe, Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actions, protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent, Provisional IRA campaign 1969-1997#Loyalists and the IRA killing and reprisals, "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death", http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Organisation_Responsible.html, CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulation, http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/david-mckittrick-will-loyalists-seek-bloody-revenge-1643076.html, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/angry-men-at-an-ulster-crossroads-1308322.html, Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1800 to 1967, http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch69.htm, "Irish tighten security after Dublin bombing", "Call for probe of British link to 1974 bombs", Death Squad Dossier, Irish Mail on Sunday by Michael Browne, 10 December 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6619417.stm. [43] Jackson was allegedly the hitman who shot Hanna dead outside his home in Lurgan. Two of those later convicted (James McDowell and Thomas Crozier) were also serving members of the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), a part-time, locally recruited regiment of the British Army. [54] The number of killings in Northern Ireland had decreased from around 300 per year between 1973 and 1976 to just under 100 in the years 19771981. [35], In January 1970, the UVF began bombing Catholic-owned businesses in Protestant areas of Belfast. [58][59] West died in 1980. During the riot, UVF members shot dead RUC officer Victor Arbuckle. This was a general strike in protest against the Sunningdale Agreement, which meant sharing political power with Irish nationalists and the Republic having more involvement in Northern Ireland. In June 2009 the UVF formally decommissioned their weapons in front of independent witnesses as a formal statement of decommissioning was read by Dawn Purvis and Billy Hutchinson. [148] A Canadian branch of the UDA also existed and sent $30,000 to the UDA's headquarters in Belfast by 1975. It comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or Brigadier-General. Our well-known clients are seeking Independent Contractors to provide virtual services to their customers across a variety of industries including Retail, Healthcare, Licensed Insurance, Non-Licensed Insurance and Tax Support. His killing has been blamed on members of the UVF. [111][112] This activity has been described as its preferred source of funds in the early 1970s,[113] and it continued into the 2000s with the UVF in Co Londonderry being active. In 2023, we need less company-centered job ads. When the Assets Recovery Agency won a High Court order to seize luxury homes belonging to ex-policeman Colin Robert Armstrong and his partner Geraldine Mallon in 2005, Alan McQuillan said "We have further alleged Armstrong has had links with the UVF and then the LVF following the split between those organisations." [79], In 2008, a loyalist splinter group calling itself the "Real UVF" emerged briefly to make threats against Sinn Fin in County Fermanagh. This move came as the organisation held high-level discussions about its future. It claimed the pubs were used for republican fundraising. Referring to its activity in the early and mid-1970s, journalist Ed Moloney described no-warning pub bombings as the UVF's "forte". [40] These were all subordinate to the Brigade Staff. It comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or Brigadier-General. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. [94][95], In October 2013, the policing board announced that the UVF was still heavily involved in gangsterism despite its ceasefire. [72], On 12 February 2006, The Observer reported that the UVF was to disband by the end of 2006. MRF teams operated in plain clothes and civilian vehicles, equipped with pistols . [20][21], Since 1964, there had been a growing civil rights campaign in Northern Ireland. [28], By 1969, the Catholic civil rights movement had escalted its protest campaign, and O'Neill had promised them some concessions. Two UVF men were accidentally blown up in this attack. The UVF was also clashing with the UDA in the summer of 2000. Ulster Division of the New army. [119] In 2002 the House of Commons Northern Ireland Affairs Committee estimated the UVF's annual running costs at 12 million per year, against an annual fundraising capability of 1.5 million. Whilst remaining de jure UVF leader after he was jailed for murder, he no longer acted as Chief of. [21] In April 1966, Ulster loyalists led by Ian Paisley, a Protestant fundamentalist preacher, founded the Ulster Constitution Defence Committee (UCDC). On 17 February 1979, the UVF carried out its only major attack in Scotland, when its members bombed two pubs in Glasgow frequented by Catholics. Along with the newly formed Ulster Defence Association (UDA), the UVF started an armed campaign against the Catholic population of Northern Ireland. It began carrying out gun attacks to kill random Catholic civilians and using car bombs to attack Catholic-owned pubs. [66] The UVF also killed senior IRA paramilitary members Liam Ryan, John 'Skipper' Burns and Larry Marley. Noted for secrecy and a policy of limited, selective membership,[1][2][3][4][5] the UVF's declared goals were to combat Irish republicanism particularly republican paramilitaries, and to maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. They were blamed by the PSNI on members of the UVF, who also said UVF guns had been used to try to kill police officers. why is jason ritter in a wheelchair There are various credible[citation needed] allegations that elements of the British security forces colluded with the UVF in the bombings. He was shot dead by the IRA in November 1982, four months after his release from the Maze Prison. Note that these figures include killings that were claimed by the "Protestant Action Force" and "Protestant Action Group". They follow the careers of some of the key players in the UVF, including Gusty Spence, Billy Wright and David Ervine. The University of Valley Forge (UVF) is pleased to offer numerous scholarships to our students. [60], In the 1980s, the UVF was greatly reduced by a series of police informers. 206, 207, Ed Moloney, Secret History of the IRA, p.321, "Voices From the Grave:Two Men's War in Ireland" Ed Moloney, Faber & Faber, 2010 pp 417. [87] The UVF leader in East Belfast, who is popularly known as the "Beast of the East" and "Ugly Doris" also known as by real name Stephen Matthews, ordered the attack on Catholic homes and a church in the Catholic enclave of the Short Strand. [11] During the conflict, its deadliest attack in Northern Ireland was the 1971 McGurk's Bar bombing, which killed fifteen civilians. According to the Belfast Telegraph, "70 separate police intelligence reports implicating the north Belfast UVF man in dealing cannabis, Ecstasy, amphetamines and cocaine. [144] Supporters in Scotland have helped supply explosives and guns. "Overstating and Misjudging the Prospects of Civil War: The Ulster Volunteer Force and the Irish Volunteers in the Home Rule Crisis, 19121914." Loyalist former paramilitary and politician, Northern Irish loyalist paramilitary leader, Ulster loyalist paramilitary group formed in 1966, Loyalists imprisoned during the Northern Ireland conflict, People killed by the Ulster Defence Association, People killed by the Loyalist Volunteer Force, People killed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army, Ulster loyalists imprisoned on charges of terrorism, Ulster loyalists imprisoned under Prevention of Terrorism Acts, Deaths by improvised explosive device in Northern Ireland, People killed by security forces during The Troubles (Northern Ireland), Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Northern Ireland, People killed by the Irish National Liberation Army. However, the year leading up to the loyalist ceasefire, which took place shortly after the Provisional IRA ceasefire, saw some of the worst sectarian killings carried out by loyalists during the Troubles. Recently it has emerged from the Police Ombudsman that senior North Belfast UVF member and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) Special Branch informant Mark Haddock has been involved in drug dealing. ][102] On 11 April, the UVF reportedly ordered the removal of Catholic families from a housing estate in Carrickfergus. townhomes for rent in pg county. Colin Wallace, part of the intelligence apparatus of the British Army, asserted in an internal memo in 1975 that MI6 and RUC Special Branch formed a pseudo-gang within the UVF, designed to engage in violence and to subvert the tentative moves of some in the UVF towards the political process. The largest death toll was on 3 March 1991 when the UVF killed IRA members John Quinn, Dwayne O'Donnell and Malcolm Nugent, and civilian Thomas Armstrong in the car park next to Boyle's Bar, Cappagh. rob stafford daughter chicago fire. [141] Its main benefactors have been in central Scotland,[142] Liverpool,[143] Preston[143] and the Toronto area of Canada. [75] This was to take effect from midnight. The weapons were Palestine Liberation Organisation arms captured by the Israelis and sold to Armscor, the South African state-owned company which, in defiance of a 1977 United Nations arms embargo, set about making South Africa self-sufficient in military hardware. [99][100] This uniform, based on those of the original UVF, was introduced in the early 1970s. [63], The UVF also attacked republican paramilitaries and their political activists. Wright was apparently enraged by the nickname and made numerous threats to O'Hagan and Campbell. The two largest Loyalist groups were the Ulster Volunteer Force (formed 1966) and the Ulster Defence Association (formed 1971). Known IRA men will be executed mercilessly and without hesitation. It was alleged that Colin Armstrong had links to both drugs and loyalist terrorists. This development came soon after the UVF's Brigade Staff in Belfast had stood down Wright and the Portadown unit of the Mid-Ulster Brigade, on 2 August 1996, for the killing of a Catholic taxi driver near Lurgan during Drumcree disturbances. The newspaper also reported that the group refused to decommission its weapons. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) the loyalist paramilitary group behind Friday's proxy bomb threat that saw Irish Foreign Minister Simon Coveney evacuated from a peace event in Belfast have. Thousands of families, mostly Catholics, were forced to flee their homes and refugee camps were set up in the Republic of Ireland. we solemnly warn the authorities to make no more speeches of appeasement. jackie mahood uvf members listrobert downey jr house malibu. As an Independent Contractor, you have flexibility to choose when and where to provide services. Carson and Craig, supported by some English Conservative politicians . [26] He died of his wounds on 11 June. [36] Catholic churches were also attacked. [22] In March and April 1966, Irish republicans held parades throughout Ireland to mark the 50th anniversary of the Easter Rising. Referring to its activity in the early and mid-1970s, journalist Ed Moloney described no-warning pub bombings as the UVF's "forte". [148] On 10 February 1976, following the sudden uptick of violence against Catholic civilians by loyalist militants, Irish cardinal William Conway and nine other Catholic bishops met with British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his cabinet, asking them as to where the loyalist militants had acquired guns, to which Secretary of State for Northern Ireland Merlyn Rees replied "Canada". [27] Spence appointed Samuel McClelland as UVF Chief of Staff in his stead. ", "UVF orders removal of Catholic families from Carrickfergus housing estate in '21st century form of ethnic cleansing'. Scores of houses and businesses were burnt-out, most of them owned by Catholics. The original UVF was formed by Edward Carson and James Craig as a militia in the tensions surrounding the potential success of the third Home Rule campaign. In 1990, the UVF joined the Combined Loyalist Military Command (CLMC) and indicated its acceptance of moves towards peace. [24] On 21 May, the group issued a statement: From this day, we declare war against the Irish Republican Army and its splinter groups. The Irish Army also set up field hospitals near the border. [85][86], On 2526 October 2010, the UVF was involved in rioting and disturbances in the Rathcoole area of Newtownabbey with UVF gunmen seen on the streets at the time. The Sunday World's offices were also firebombed. In February it began to target critics of militant loyalism the homes of MPs Austin Currie, Sheelagh Murnaghan, Richard Ferguson and Anne Dickson were attacked with improvised bombs. [55] The hawks had been ousted by those in the UVF who were unhappy with their political and military strategy. In June, nine UVF members were convicted of the attacks. On 7 May, loyalists petrol bombed a Catholic-owned pub in the loyalist Shankill area of Belfast. However, the UVF spurned the government efforts and continued killing. Such retaliation was seen as both collective punishment and an attempt to weaken the IRA's support; it was thought that terrorising the Catholic community and inflicting such a death toll on it would force the IRA to end its campaign. [113] At other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew almost all of its support from the Catholic community. He was the first RUC officer to be killed during the Troubles. From late 1975 to mid-1977, a unit of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers (a group of UVF men based on Belfast's Shankill Road) carried out a series of sectarian murders of Catholic civilians. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland.The current incarnation was formed in May 1966 and named after the UVF of 1912.. The gunmen shot dead six people and injured five. The Irish parliament's Joint Committee on Justice called the bombings an act of "international terrorism" involving the British security forces. [79], In 2008, a loyalist splinter group calling itself the "Real UVF" emerged briefly to make threats against Sinn Fin in Co. On the basis of that, we as a federation have called for the respecification of the UVF [stating that its ceasefire is over]. Along with the UDA, it helped to enforce the strike by blocking roads, intimidating workers, and shutting any businesses that opened. "[23] It was led by Gusty Spence, formerly a soldier in the British Army. The UVF agreed to a ceasefire in October 1994. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. F". [43] Jackson was allegedly the hitman who shot Hanna dead outside his home in Lurgan, and subsequently took over his command. In March and April that year, UVF and UPV members bombed water and electricity installations in Northern Ireland, blaming them on the dormant IRA and elements of the civil rights movement. [120], In contrast to the IRA, overseas support for loyalist paramilitaries including the UVF has been limited.Cite error: Invalid tag; invalid names, e.g. Henry MacDonald and Jim Cusack provide a fascinating insight into the UVF's origins, growth and decline. Whilst remaining de jure UVF leader after he was jailed for murder, he no longer acted as the. The group concluded a general acceptance of the need to decommission, though there was no conclusive proof of moves towards this end. Matthews, who is facing criminal charges in relation to an alleged UVF show of strength in the Pitt Park area of the city in 2021, was recently named in court as the leader of East Belfast UVF. We are heavily armed Protestants dedicated to this cause. [129] Another estimates that over a 30-year period women accounted for, at most, just 2% of UVF membership. [41] On 17 May, two UVF units from the Belfast and Mid-Ulster brigades detonated four car bombs in Dublin and Monaghan. All were widely blamed on the IRA, and British soldiers were sent to guard installations. [121][122] The UVF did not return to regular bombings until the early 1990s when it obtained a quantity of the mining explosive Powergel. [154] It was around this time that Sunday World journalists Martin O'Hagan and Jim Campbell coined the term "rat pack" for the UVF's murderous mid-Ulster unit and, unable to identify Wright by name for legal reasons, they christened him "King Rat." April: Loyalists led by Ian Paisley, a Protestant fundamentalist preacher, founded the Ulster Constitution Defence Committee (UCDC) to oppose the civil rights movement. 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