English and French are its official languages. [224] Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC). [48] In 1600, the French established their first seasonal trading post at Tadoussac along the Saint Lawrence. The text was originally only in French before it was adapted into English in 1906. The nation employs a professional, volunteer force of approximately 68,000 active personnel and 27,000 reserve personnel, increasing to 71,500 and 30,000 respectively under "Strong, Secure, Engaged" with a sub-component of approximately 5,000 Canadian Rangers. As much a piece of history as a natural wonder, Canadas. [472], Canada shares several major professional sports leagues with the United States. The Programme for International Student Assessment indicates Canadian students perform well above the OECD average, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading,[345][346] ranking the overall knowledge and skills of Canadian 15-year-olds as the sixth-best in the world, although these scores have been declining in recent years. In all, over a million Canadians served in the armed forces during World War II and approximately 42,000 were killed and another 55,000 were wounded. Experience the beautiful campus and enriching community that makes Caada College the school for you! [401][402] In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. [60] The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence. In 2006, the average age in Canada was 39.5 years;[317] it rose to 42.4 years by 2018[318] before falling slightly to 41.9 in 2021. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . 4,524,782. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, education, gender equality and environmental sustainability. [467], The roots of organized sports in Canada date back to the 1770s,[468] culminating in the development and popularization of the major professional games of ice hockey, lacrosse, curling, basketball, baseball, association football and Canadian football. [338] Four universities are regularly ranked among the top 100 world-wide, namely University of Toronto, University of British Columbia, McGill University and McMaster University, with a total of 18 universities ranked in the top 500 worldwide. [237], In 2001, Canada deployed troops to Afghanistan as part of the U.S. stabilization force and the UN-authorized, NATO-led International Security Assistance Force. [354], Of the 36.3 million people enumerated in 2021, approximately 25.4 million reported being "White", representing 69.8percent of the population. [226][227] Canada nevertheless has an independent foreign policy. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [125] Canada also has vast maritime terrain, with the world's longest coastline of 243,042 kilometres (151,019mi). [414], Themes of nature, pioneers, trappers, and traders played an important part in the early development of Canadian symbolism. [40][41] In approximately 1000 AD, the Norse built a small short-lived encampment that was occupied sporadically for perhaps 20 years at L'Anse aux Meadows on the northern tip of Newfoundland. The same poster in English, with subtle differences in text. [455] Associated with the group was another prominent Canadian artist, Emily Carr, known for her landscapes and portrayals of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Ontario. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. Attempts to accommodate Quebec nationalism constitutionally through the Meech Lake Accord failed in 1990. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [125] Canada has over 2,000,000 lakes563 of which are larger than 100km2 (39sqmi)containing much of the world's fresh water. Canada is a well-performing OECD country in reading literacy, mathematics, and science with the average student scoring 523.7, compared with the OECD average of 493 in 2015. [70][71] Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where the Mtis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. [420], Other prominent symbols include the national motto "A mari usque ad mare" ("From Sea to Sea"),[421] the sports of ice hockey and lacrosse, the beaver, Canada goose, common loon, Canadian horse, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Canadian Rockies,[418] and more recently the totem pole and Inuksuk. [294] Since the 1960s, Canada's aerospace industry has designed and built numerous marques of satellite, including Radarsat-1 and 2, ISIS and MOST. [310][311] It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984[312] and is universal. [185] The monarch appoints a representative, the governor general, with the advice of the prime minister to carry out most of their federal royal duties in Canada. [264][271] Atlantic Canada possesses vast offshore deposits of natural gas, and Alberta also hosts large oil and gas resources. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or mistake on this page. Stanley Park. [216] Canada is also a member of various other international and regional organizations and forums for economic and cultural affairs. The country's head of government is the prime minister, who holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the elected House of Commons, and is appointed by the governor general, representing the monarch of Canada, the head of state. [219][220] The strategy of the Canadian government's foreign aid policy reflects an emphasis to meet the Millennium Development Goals, while also providing assistance in response to foreign humanitarian crises. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. Moving between provinces. [11] In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada. [266] In the 1970s, concerns over energy self-sufficiency and foreign ownership in the manufacturing sectors prompted Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's Liberal government to enact the National Energy Program (NEP) and the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA). [419] The Arms of Canada are closely modelled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with French and distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the British version. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [30] The decline is attributed to several causes, including the transfer of European diseases, such as influenza, measles, and smallpox to which they had no natural immunity,[27][31] conflicts over the fur trade, conflicts with the colonial authorities and settlers, and the loss of Indigenous lands to settlers and the subsequent collapse of several nations' self-sufficiency. [93], The financial crisis of the Great Depression had led the Dominion of Newfoundland to relinquish responsible government in 1934 and become a Crown colony ruled by a British governor. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. Banff National Park. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian [245] Provinces and territories have responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare,[246] as well as administration of justice (but not criminal law). A house was sold without the owners' consent. Ontario. Learn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. [355], Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4percent. [49] Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. [232][233] During the Cold War, Canada was a major contributor to UN forces in the Korean War and founded the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in cooperation with the United States to defend against potential aerial attacks from the Soviet Union. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. [444] In an effort to reduce the amount of foreign-made media, government interventions in television broadcasting can include both regulation of content and public financing. [84] Volunteers sent to the Western Front later became part of the Canadian Corps, which played a substantial role in the Battle of Vimy Ridge and other major engagements of the war. ", "The Governor General of Canada: Roles and Responsibilities", "House of Commons Procedure and Practice: Parliamentary Institutions", "The Opposition in a Parliamentary System", "Government and Canada's 41st Parliament: Questions and Answers", "Difference between Canadian Provinces and Territories", "Differences from Provincial Governments", "Keeping Canada and Our Communities Safe and Secure", Aboriginal roundtable on Kelowna Accord: Aboriginal policy negotiations 20042006, "Plans at a glance and operating context", "Millennium Development Goals: A sprint to 2015 and the way forward", "Torture by Army Peacekeepers in Somalia Shocks Canada", "Russia claims North Pole with Arctic flag stunt", "Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2021", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, "More soldiers, ships and planes for military in Liberal defence plan", "Evolution of the world's 25 top trading nations Share of global exports of goods (%), 19782020", United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, "Who owns whom? [370] There are 11 Indigenous language groups, composed of more than 65 distinct languages and dialects. [99], Finally, another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the UK's Canada Act 1982, the patriation of Canada's constitution from the United Kingdom, concurrent with the creation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. WebFind out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. [278] It is furthermore home to the headquarters of a number of global technology firms. [265] The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. [212] Most notably, a series of eleven treaties known as the Numbered Treaties were signed between the Indigenous peoples and the reigning monarch of Canada between 1871 and 1921. [457] Canada has developed a vast music infrastructure that includes church halls, chamber halls, conservatories, academies, performing arts centres, record companies, radio stations and television music video channels. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual (English and French) at the federal level. [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. Provincial legislatures are unicameral and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the House of Commons. [217][218] Canada's peacekeeping role during the 20th century has played a major role in its global image. Canada is a country in North America. [39], It is believed that the first European to explore the east coast of Canada was Norse explorer Leif Erikson. [466] Calixa Lavalle wrote the music, which was a setting of a patriotic poem composed by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. [398][399] The official state policy of multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments,[400] and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. [235] As this was the first UN peacekeeping mission, Pearson is often credited as the inventor of the concept. [422][423] Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50 piece, and the beaver on the nickel. [273] The country is a leading exporter of zinc, uranium, gold, nickel, platinoids, aluminum, steel, iron ore, coking coal, lead, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, and cadmium. Due to changes in testing policies across Canada, case counts shown may be lower than actual numbers. Stanley Park. COVID-19 booster dose. [371] Several Indigenous languages have official status in the Northwest Territories. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. [269] Canada has a strong cooperative banking sector, with the world's highest per-capita membership in credit unions. [349], The country's ten largest self-reported specific ethnic or cultural origins in 2021 were Canadian[c] (accounting for 15.6percent of the population), followed by English (14.7percent), Irish (12.1percent), Scottish (12.1percent), French (11.0percent), German (8.1percent), Chinese (4.7percent), Italian (4.3percent), Indian (3.7percent), and Ukrainian (3.5percent). [372] Inuktitut is the majority language in Nunavut, and is one of three official languages in the territory. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}60N 110W / 60N 110W / 60; -110. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. WebVisit our Campus. [186][187], While the monarchy is the source of authority in Canada, in practice its position is symbolic. [57] More importantly, the Quebec Act afforded Quebec special autonomy and rights of self-administration at a time when the Thirteen Colonies were increasingly agitating against British rule. [275], In 2019, Canada spent approximately $40.3billion on domestic research and development, of which over $7billion was provided by the federal and provincial governments. [366] Although more than 82 percent of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec, there are substantial Francophone populations in New Brunswick, Alberta, and Manitoba; Ontario has the largest French-speaking population outside Quebec. ", "Some Visual Aspects of the Monarchical Tradition", "Commission of Inquiry into the Investigation of the Bombing of Air India Flight 182", "Canada's Policy to Confront the Islamic State", "Catholic group to release all records from Marievel, Kamloops residential schools", "Canada and Denmark reach settlement over disputed Arctic island, sources say", "Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Across Canada; Chapter 4", "Introduction to the Ecological Land Classification (ELC) 2017", "Wild Species 2015: The General Status of Species in Canada", "Wild Species 2000: The General Status of Species in Canada", "State of Canada's Biodiversity Highlighted in New Government Report", "The Mountain Guide Banff National Park", "Algonquin Provincial Park Management Plan", "Spotlight on Marine Protected Areas in Canada", "Scott Islands Marine National Widllife Area", "Proposed Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area: regulatory strategy", Left/Right Ideology and Canadian Politics, "The baffling history of Canada's party system", "Canada's Secret to Resisting the West's Populist Wave", "What's actually standing in the way of right-wing populism in Canada? [35] The Crown and Indigenous peoples began interactions during the European colonization period, though the Inuit, in general, had more limited interaction with European settlers. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. [201] The Constitution Act, 1867 (known as the British North America Act, 1867 prior to 1982), affirmed governance based on parliamentary precedent and divided powers between the federal and provincial governments. WebCanada. .ca. [125] The Great Lakes feed the St. Lawrence River (in the southeast) where the lowlands host much of Canada's economic output. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. Quebec. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. [120] In 2021, the remains of hundreds of Indigenous people were discovered near the former sites of Canadian Indian residential schools. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. COVID-19 booster dose. WebBanff National Park. Despite Canadas great size, it is one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries. Quebec. [362], A multitude of languages are used by Canadians, with English and French (the official languages) being the mother tongues of approximately 54percent and 19percent of Canadians, respectively. Peace came in 1815; no boundaries were changed. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. [238] In August 2007, Canada's territorial claims in the Arctic were challenged after a Russian underwater expedition to the North Pole; Canada has considered that area to be sovereign territory since 1925. Are unicameral and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the Russian invasion of Ukraine Bay locations across,! 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