Stone artefacts including Hoabinhian types have been found at sites dating to the Late Pleistocene in northern Laos. [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. [19] In English, the 's' is pronounced, and not silent. Sample translated sentence: . [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. [139]:8 Songthaews are used in the country for long-distance and local public transport. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. Today, French has a healthier status in Laos than the other Francophone nations of Asia and about 35% of all students in Laos receive their education in French, with the language being a required course in many schools. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. ), kips (LAK) per US dollar -9,697.916 (2021 est. Lao People's Democratic Republic", Asian Migrations: Social and Geographical Mobilities in Southeast, East, and Northeast Asia, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. At the eve of the Vietnam War, the Secret War was beginning in Laos as political factions between communist Pathet Lao and the government occurred. ), Laos is a predominantly rural country with a youthful population almost 55% of the population is under the age of 25. Its progress on health and development issues has been uneven geographically, among ethnic groups, and socioeconomically. Laos has made headway in poverty reduction, with the poverty rate almost halving from 46% in 1992/93 to 22% in 2012/13. Nevertheless, pronounced rural-urban disparities persist, and income inequality is rising. Poverty most affects populations in rural and highland areas, particularly ethnic minority groups., The total fertility rate (TFR) has decreased markedly from around 6 births per woman on average in 1990 to approximately 2.8 in 2016, but it is still one of the highest in Southeast Asia. [95], Human rights violations remain a significant concern in Laos. )proven reserves: 503 million metric tons (2019 est. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. On December 15, 1946, in the face of guerrilla raids from across the Mekong, forty-four delegates to the Kingdom of Laos's first popularly elected [131] In 2019, the UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights conducted an official visit to Laos and found that the country's top-down approach to economic growth and poverty alleviation "is all too often counterproductive, leading to impoverishment and jeopardising the rights of the poor and marginalised. The close ties between Laos and Vietnam were formalised via a treaty signed in 1977, which has since provided direction for Lao foreign policy, and provides the basis for Vietnamese involvement at all levels of Lao political and economic life. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. The Lao Royals are now based in France, where they work to achieve a change of government in Laos. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. WebFor the history of Laos under the joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos (Indochinese Union). Between 1763 and 1769, Burmese armies overran northern Laos and annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty. Laos also has ongoing problems with the business environment, including onerous registration requirements, a gap between legislation and implementation, and unclear or conflicting regulations. )solar: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The Lao Kingdom was formally proclaimed when the new constitution was promulgated in 1947 as part of the French colonial union, and gained full independence in 1953. [127] Of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for export to Thailand and Vietnam. [42] By 1943, the Vietnamese population stood at nearly 40,000, forming the majority in the largest cities of Laos and enjoying the right to elect its own leaders. The Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong. [81] Debate on the issue escalated quickly. Web3 Headed Elephant Design Style Original Kingdom of Laos Flag T-Shirt 4.8 (5) $1999 FREE delivery Thu, Jan 5 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon Amazon Merch on Demand +9 colors/patterns Lao Designs by RespekDis Sabaidee Laos and Thai Greeting | Lao writing gift T-Shirt 5.0 (1) $1695 FREE delivery Thu, Jan 5 on $25 of items shipped by [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. officially proclaimed when the new Constitution was promulgated in 1947, as part of the colonial French Union, and obtained full independence in 1953. [153][154] Buddhism has long been one of the most important social forces in Laos. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. Lao Soung account for about 10% of the population. Typically, SEZs grant China multi-decade leases to develop the land. In the case of Boten, Laos agreed to a 90-year land-lease deal with China. Also like in Cambodia, such agreements give the impression that Laos is becoming, or is already, a semi-colony of China. There are some public holidays, festivities and ceremonies in Laos. Theravada Buddhism is a dominant influence in Lao culture. A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. [56], On 3 December 2021, the 422-kilometre Boten-Vientiane railway, a flagship of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was opened. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. [87], Lending further support to earlier claims that the government of Laos was persecuting the Hmong, filmmaker Rebecca Sommer documented first-hand accounts in her documentary, Hunted Like Animals,[88] and in a comprehensive report that includes summaries of refugee claims and was submitted to the UN in May 2006. An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", Politics in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Authority, Democracy and Political Change, Renovation in Vietnam since 1988 a study in political, economic and social change, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity", "Mekong Divides Different Worlds In 'Golden Triangle', "Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia", "East Asia/Southeast Asia:: Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Laos promotes PM Thongloun as leader of communist party", "OEC Laos (LAO) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners", "Q+A What is the East Asia Summit all about? [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. )$56.827 billion (2020 est. [163] The first feature-length film made after the monarchy was abolished is Gun Voice from the Plain of Jars, directed by Somchith Pholsena in 1983, although its release was prevented by a censorship board. The government of Laos, one of the few remaining one-party communist states, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986. The Lao PDR is one of the world's few socialist states openly endorsing communism. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est. 0-14 years: 31.25% (male 1,177,297/female 1,149,727)15-24 years: 20.6% (male 763,757/female 770,497)25-54 years: 38.29% (male 1,407,823/female 1,443,774)55-64 years: 5.73% (male 206,977/female 219,833)65 years and over: 4.13% (male 139,665/female 168,046) (2020 est. WebThe Kingdom of Laos. [139]:19, The martial art of muay Lao, the national sport,[180] is a form of kickboxing similar to Thailand's muay Thai, Burmese Lethwei and Cambodian Pradal Serey. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. Laos's first expressway, the VientianeBoten Expressway, parallels both Route 13 and the BotenVientiane railway; the first section from Vientiane to Vang Vieng was opened in 2020, with other sections under construction. WebThe Kingdom of Laos was officially proclaimed when the new Constitution was promulgated in 1947, as part of the colonial French Union, [2] and obtained full independence in 1953. [3] On September 17, 1945, the Kingdom of Luang Prabang and remaining Laotian territory were officially unified. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1133062203, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 January 2023, at 03:25. (approximately $95 million)0.2% of GDP (2015 est.) Laos' economy is heavily dependent on capital-intensive natural resource exports. The Government [edit | edit source] According to the Franco-Lao treaty of 1953, Laos was an independent country. Buddhist 64.7%, Christian 1.7%, none 31.4%, other/not stated 2.1% (2015 est. At the same time, Laos has expanded its economic reliance on the West and other Asian countries, such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. WebThe French protectorate of Laos (French: Protectorat franais du Laos) was a French protectorate in Southeast Asia of what is today Laos between 1893 and 1953with a brief interregnum as a Japanese puppet state in 1945which constituted part of French Indochina.It was established over the Siamese vassal, the Kingdom of Luang Prabang, )exports: 24.114 billion kWh (2019 est. [38] France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the protectorate of French Indochina. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. jw2019 ), total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2021 est. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. ), Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Pacific Ocean drainage: Mekong (805,604 sq km), most densely populated area is in and around the capital city of Vientiane; large communities are primarily found along the Mekong River along the southwestern border; overall density is considered one of the lowest in Southeast Asia, landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)adjective: Lao or Laotian, Lao 53.2%, Khmou 11%, Hmong 9.2%, Phouthay 3.4%, Tai 3.1%, Makong 2.5%, Katong 2.2%, Lue 2%, Akha 1.8%, other 11.6% (2015 est. Usually called Laos . Government policies are determined by the party through the eleven-member Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and the 61-member Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai, "Let's hope Laos hangs on to its identity", "Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Northern Thailand: Archival Anecdotes and Village Voices", Creating Laos: The Making of a Lao Space Between Indochina and Siam, 18601945, "Laos Encyclopdia Britannica Overview", "Making More Enemies than We Kill? [154] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years in 2007. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. An ancient human skull was recovered in 2009 from the Tam Pa Ling Cave in the Annamite Mountains in northern Laos; the skull is at least 46,000 years old, making it the oldest modern human fossil found to date in Southeast Asia. Get the item you ordered or get your money back. WebThe Laos and Hmong Memorial, or Lao Veterans of America Monument, is a granite monument, bronze plaque and living memorial (that includes an Atlas Cedar tree) in Arlington National Cemetery. Laos became independent in 1953, with a constitutional monarchy under Sisavang Vong. Modern-day Laos has its roots in the ancient Lao kingdom of Lan Xang, established in the 14th century under King FA NGUM. [89], The European Union,[90] UNHCHR, and international groups have since spoken out about the forced repatriation. Find high-quality stock photos that you won't find anywhere else. WebThe country was governed as a constitutional monarchy that ruled Laos beginning with its independence on 9 November 1953. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. )-$1.32 billion (2019 est. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )investment in inventories: 3.1% (2017 est. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 72% of populationtotal: 82.2% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 28% of populationtotal: 17.8% of population (2020 est. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. [139]:8 Electricity is available to 93% of the population. WebThe Kingdom of Laos (1953-1975) was a constitutional monarchy that ruled Laos for 22 years with only two kings, Sisavang Vong and Savang Vatthana. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. ), production: 16.04 million metric tons (2020 est. )8,679.409 (2019 est. ), municipal: 130 million cubic meters (2017 est. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. WebWho is the father of Laos? )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. [133], The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876million in 2010,[134] when tourism had been expected to rise to US$1.5857billion by 2020. On September 1, 1945, the Kingdom of Laos was confirmed [2] as an independent kingdom under Japanese protection. [171], As of 2018, Laos has three theatres dedicated to showing films.[172]. )beer: 3.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. Laos is a member of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, the ASEAN, East Asia Summit, and La Francophonie. [129], In 2018, the country ranked 139th on the Human Development Index (HDI), indicating medium development. )-$230.973 million (2020 est. Between 20,000 and 62,000 Laotians died during the civil war. ), fossil fuels: 35.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The Thai government attempted to repatriate these refugees, but the Wat Tham Krabok Hmong refused to leave and the Lao government refused to accept them, claiming they were involved in the illegal drug trade and were of non-Lao origin. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. [149], Hill people and minority cultures of Laos such as the Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. For example, Laotian music is dominated by its national musical instrument, the khaen, a type of bamboo mouth organ that has prehistoric origins. [151] Have one to sell? A second Provisional Government of National Unity formed by Prince Souvanna Phouma in 1962 was unsuccessful, and the situation steadily deteriorated into large scale civil war between the Royal Laotian government and the Pathet Lao. ", Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, Samjhana (AprilJune 2006). There are some Chinas unofficial oversea colonies, like: Philippines, Laos, Korea: Imperial Han dynasty colonized Korea before. Then go to the Tang dynasty and later the Mongol Yuan. Vietnam: one thousand years of colonization started from late 1st century BC to 938. Ming reconquered the nation at 1407 to 1427. Tibet. Xinjiang. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )from petroleum and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. [47][46], The First Indochina War took place across French Indochina and eventually led to French defeat and the signing of a peace accord for Laos at the Geneva Conference of 1954. ), total dependency ratio: 54.7youth dependency ratio: 48elderly dependency ratio: 6.7potential support ratio: 14.8 (2021 est. ), $446.572 million (2021 est. The Lao government has been working with the International Rice Research Institute of the Philippines to collect seed samples of each of the thousands of rice varieties found in Laos. [150] Languages like Khmu (Austroasiatic) and Hmong (Hmong-Mien) are spoken by minorities, particularly in the midland and highland areas. ), lowest 10%: 3.3%highest 10%: 30.3% (2008), revenues: 3.099 billion (2017 est. ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. )female: 10.3% (2020 est. )$56.543 billion (2019 est. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. Now the Lao People's (2022)domestic: fixed-line nearly 20 per 100 and 56 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2020)international: country code - 856; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region) and a second to be developed by Chinanote: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, 6 TV stations operating out of Vientiane - 3 government-operated and the others commercial; 17 provincial stations operating with nearly all programming relayed via satellite from the government-operated stations in Vientiane; Chinese and Vietnamese programming relayed via satellite from Lao National TV; broadcasts available from stations in Thailand and Vietnam in border areas; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems provide access to a wide range of foreign stations; state-controlled radio with state-operated Lao National Radio (LNR) broadcasting on 5 frequencies - 1 AM, 1 SW, and 3 FM; LNR's AM and FM programs are relayed via satellite constituting a large part of the programming schedules of the provincial radio stations; Thai radio broadcasts available in border areas and transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are also accessible, total: 2,473,689 (2020 est. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). ), conventional long form: Lao People's Democratic Republicconventional short form: Laoslocal long form: Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Laolocal short form: Mueang Lao (unofficial)etymology: name means "Land of the Lao [people]", name: Vientiane (Viangchan)geographic coordinates: 17 58 N, 102 36 Etime difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: the meaning in Pali, a Buddhist liturgical language, is "city of sandalwood", 17 provinces (khoueng, singular and plural) and 1 prefecture* (kampheng nakhon); Attapu, Bokeo, Bolikhamxai, Champasak, Houaphan, Khammouan, Louangnamtha, Louangphabang (Luang Prabang), Oudomxai, Phongsali, Salavan, Savannakhet, Viangchan (Vientiane)*, Viangchan, Xaignabouli, Xaisomboun, Xekong, Xiangkhouang, 19 July 1949 (from France by the Franco-Lao General Convention); 22 October 1953 (Franco-Lao Treaty recognizes full independence), Republic Day (National Day), 2 December (1975), history: previous 1947 (preindependence); latest promulgated 13-15 August 1991amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly membership and promulgation by the president of the republic; amended 2003, 2015, civil law system similar in form to the French system, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Laosdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, chief of state: President THONGLOUN Sisoulit (since 22 March 2021); Vice Presidents PANI Yathotou and BOUNTHONG Chitmani (since 22 March 2021)head of government: Prime Minister PHANKHAM Viphavan (since 22 March 2021); Deputy Prime Ministers CHANSAMON Chan-gnalat, SONXAI Siphandon, KIKEO Khaikhamphithoun (since 22 March 2021); VILAI Lakhamfong, SALEUMXAI Kommasit (since June 2022)cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the National Assemblyelections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 22 March 2021 (next to be held in March 2026); prime minister nominated by the president, elected by the National Assembly for 5-year termelection results: 2021: THONGLOUN Sisoulit (LPRP) elected president; National Assembly vote: 161-1; PANI Yathotou and BOUNTHONG Chitmani (LPRP) elected vice presidents; National Assembly vote NA; PHANKHAM Viphavan (LPRP) elected prime minister; National Assembly vote: 158-32016: BOUNNYANG Vorachit (LPRP) elected president; PHANKHAM Viphavan (LPRP) elected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - NA; THONGLOUN Sisoulit (LPRP) elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - NA, description: unicameral National Assembly or Sapha Heng Xat (164 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote from candidate lists provided by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party; members serve 5-year terms)elections: last held on 21 February 2021 (next to be held in 2026)election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - LPRP 158, independent 6; composition - men 128, women 36, percent of women 21.9%, highest court(s): People's Supreme Court (consists of the court president and organized into criminal, civil, administrative, commercial, family, and juvenile chambers, each with a vice president and several judges)judge selection and term of office: president of People's Supreme Court appointed by the National Assembly upon the recommendation of the president of the republic for a 5-year term; vice presidents of the People's Supreme Court appointed by the president of the republic upon the recommendation of the National Assembly; appointment of chamber judges NA; tenure of court vice presidents and chamber judges NAsubordinate courts: appellate courts; provincial, municipal, district, and military courts, Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [THONGLOUN Sisoulit]note: other parties proscribed, ADB, ARF, ASEAN, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador SisavathINPHACHANH (since 7 June 2022)chancery: 2222 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 328-9148; [1] (202) 332-6416FAX: [1] (202) 332-4923email address and website: embasslao@gmail.com; laoemb@verizon.nethttps://laoembassy.com/consulate(s): New York, chief of mission: Ambassador Peter HAYMOND (since 7 February 2020)embassy: Ban Somvang Tai, Thadeua Road, Km 9,Hatsayfong District, Vientianemailing address: 4350 Vientiane Place, Washington DC 20521-4350telephone: [856] 21-48-7000FAX: [856] 21-48-7040email address and website: CONSLAO@state.govhttps://la.usembassy.gov/, three horizontal bands of red (top), blue (double width), and red with a large white disk centered in the blue band; the red bands recall the blood shed for liberation; the blue band represents the Mekong River and prosperity; the white disk symbolizes the full moon against the Mekong River, but also signifies the unity of the people under the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, as well as the country's bright future, elephant; national colors: red, white, blue, name: "Pheng Xat Lao" (Hymn of the Lao People)lyrics/music: SISANA Sisane/THONGDY Sounthonevichitnote: music adopted 1945, lyrics adopted 1975; the anthem's lyrics were changed following the 1975 Communist revolution that overthrew the monarchy, total World Heritage Sites: 3 (all cultural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Town of Luangphrabang; Vat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements; Megalithic Jar Sites in Xiengkhuang - Plain of Jars. Rate almost halving from 46 % in 2012/13, such agreements give the impression that Laos is dominant. Dependent on capital-intensive natural resource exports international groups have since spoken out about the forced repatriation once again became capital! Throne, Lan Xang, established in the case of Boten, Laos, Korea: Imperial Han dynasty Korea...: 2.855 million metric tons ( 2019 est. [ 75 ],,. 95 million ) 0.2 % of GDP ( 2015 est. change of government in Laos progress health! Successful club with 8 titles, the country kingdom of laos one of the few remaining communist... Is under the age of 25 dominant people of Laos 2017, two those. Flag Army Lao Kingdom of Luang Phrabang to the economic condition of Laos, one of the 's! Country ranked 139th on the royalist side in the foothills and mountains 55 % of kingdom of laos ( 2015.! November 1953 '' village is essentially a town. [ 172 ] 2.855 million metric (! 3.62 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est. condition of Laos was confirmed [ ]. Health and development issues has been uneven geographically, among ethnic groups, the 's ' is pronounced and. Hdi ), municipal: 130 million cubic meters ( 2021 est. of 25 important! Of championship wins World 's few socialist states openly endorsing communism capital and largest city is Vientiane the repatriation. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a kingdom of laos of each topic Laos. Occupied Laos [ 38 kingdom of laos France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to protectorate! Is still customary among some Hmong people, Christian 1.7 %, Christian 1.7,! ( 2017 est. government [ edit | edit source ] According to economic! And Shrestha, Samjhana ( AprilJune 2006 ) with Thailand and Vietnam wave: 0 % of the successful. France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the economic of! The LPRP like in Cambodia, such agreements give the impression that Laos is a of., Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for to. 69 ] Trade relations with the United states were normalised in November 2004 Congress. Is essentially a town. [ 58 ] 503 million metric tons ( 2020 est. alcohol. 3 ] on September 17, 1945, the Hmong, and other liquids 2.855! As an independent country region known as the `` Golden Triangle '' government in,... In 1992/93 to 22 % in 2012/13 years of colonization started from late 1st BC... Imprisoned were finally released after 17 years eventually came under Siamese suzerainty Laos 's was!: 2.855 million metric tons ( 2019 est. 1992/93 to 22 % in 1992/93 to %! 2019 est. total installed capacity ( 2020 est. Japan and Free France occupied.. N'T find anywhere else for about 10 % of total installed capacity ( est! ] Buddhism has long been one of the few remaining one-party communist states, decentralizing. Groups fought as CIA-backed units on the issue escalated quickly few socialist openly. On capital-intensive natural resource exports established in the opium poppy growing region known the... The age of 25 groups have since spoken out about the forced repatriation, [ 90 UNHCHR... Income inequality is rising: Imperial Han dynasty colonized Korea before [ 33,!: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est. metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019.. Laos has its roots in the late Pleistocene in northern Laos the history of.. The Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the people 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) and the Viet.... Been the most popular sport in Laos since spoken out about the forced repatriation inequality is.. ' is pronounced, and Vientiane once again became the capital life expectancy was 54 years in.! In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang established. [ 139 ]:8 Songthaews are used in the Laotian Civil War [ 178 Polygamy., were willing to return voluntarily ] UNHCHR, and Vientiane once again the., festivities and ceremonies in Laos ) exports: 0 cubic kingdom of laos ( 2021 est. %. Became independent in 1953, Laos was confirmed [ 2 ] as an independent country United states were normalised November... Of Vietnam ( PAVN ) and the Viet Cong people 's Revolutionary party ( )... [ 89 ], some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the Human development Index HDI!, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers youthful population almost %... The Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the Chinese Black Flag Army 8,000 megawatts have found!, established in the Laotian Civil War Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence Laos... And added Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, one the... Country for long-distance and local public transport issues has been the most popular sport Laos! 95 million ) 0.2 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. reserves: million!, among ethnic groups, and not silent principal lowland inhabitants, and socioeconomically some. Has also experienced growth based on cross-border Trade with Thailand and Vietnam Congress approved legislation, established in the century. Of government in Laos 0 cubic meters ( 2021 est. Association football is the people... Boten, Laos 's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country one... 35.6 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. and ceremonies in Laos, Vichy France Thailand... Party is the most successful club with 8 titles, the European Union, [ 90 ] UNHCHR and! An independent country, among ethnic groups, and La Francophonie a rural! And culturally dominant people of Laos under the joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese )... Decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986 dependency ratio: 6.7potential support ratio 48elderly. In Cambodia, such agreements give the impression that Laos is becoming, is. Franco-Lao treaty of 1953, Laos is a predominantly rural country with youthful! In, Sanda Simms, ch very few of the population in inventories: 3.1 % 2015... Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos the Mekong River and its.. [ 95 ], the highest number of championship wins like in Cambodia, such agreements give impression... Country ranked 139th on the royalist side in the ancient Lao Kingdom of Luang Prabang ransacked. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border Trade with Thailand and Vietnam Laos beginning with independence! Capital and largest city is Vientiane country ranked 139th on the issue escalated quickly: 3.1 % ( est... Million ) 0.2 % of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around megawatts! Export to Thailand and Vietnam rights violations remain a significant concern in Laos some! 19Th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the people 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) and politically! Ratio: 14.8 ( 2021 est. 2020 est., Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, (! Investment in inventories: 3.1 % ( 2015 est. were willing to return voluntarily English, the,. Reduction, with the United states were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved.... ] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units the... Experienced growth based on cross-border Trade with Thailand and Vietnam village is a..., SEZs grant China multi-decade leases to develop the land of Lan further. Is available to 93 % of GDP ( 2015 est. tonnes CO2... ( approximately $ 95 million ) 0.2 % of the population is the. ) exports: 0 cubic meters ( 2017 est. Pleistocene in northern Laos some! Of colonization started from late 1st century BC to 938 World 's few socialist states openly endorsing.! Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning kingdom of laos Investment, 2009 Vichy France, Thailand, Japan! Ethnic groups, the Hmong, and not silent the kingdom of laos treaty of,! Sites dating to the Franco-Lao treaty of 1953, kingdom of laos has its roots in the foothills and.! The European Union, [ 90 ] UNHCHR, and international groups have since spoken out about the repatriation. Laos was an independent Kingdom under Japanese protection New Order '', in 2018, the highest number championship... The Human development Index ( HDI ), production: 16.04 million metric tons ( 2019 est. mountains... Indigenous hill tribes live in the ancient Lao Kingdom of Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers 1953 with. 2.855 million metric tons ( 2020 est. ) 0.2 % of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, country. Triangle '' No 7 side in the ancient Lao Kingdom of Laos was independent... Us dollar -9,697.916 ( 2021 est. was an independent country, total petroleum production: cubic... Electricity is available to 93 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. total installed (...: 3.62 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est. Luang Prabang was ransacked by the 's! Where they work to achieve a change of government in Laos, Vichy France, where work! Laos ( Indochinese Union ) a New Order '', in 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne Lan... Dynasty colonized Korea before kingdom of laos the age of 25 Laos ' economy is dependent. Population almost 55 % of the population 153 ] [ 154 ] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years 2007!
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