= 16 ounces 1 gallon = 128 fluid ounces. 0000043939 00000 n
Assistant Professor of Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management. parts per million of chlorine residual achieved by adding 5% chlorine bleach, in the amounts below. Useful for adding calcium if the water is low in sulfate. Do I add the Pickle Crisp Granules when I put cucumbers in jars? . One mole of calcium weights 40.078g, one mole of chlorine weights 35.453g, and one mole of calcium chloride weights 110,98g Hence, ratio will be And final conversion formula will be The calculator below uses this formula. The Starch Conversion/Saccharification Rest. It is true that there is usually a relationship between base saturation and soil pH. From beginner to advanced youll find videos, diagrams, tutorials and more. Why does Mrs Wages Xtra Crunch label say Do Not Use with Mrs. Wages Refrigerator Pickle Mixes? 0.65 pounds (10.5oz) chlorine will treat 60,000 gallons of water to an initial residual to 1.3ppm! There wont be any benefit to adding it later. Pool shock is Calcium Hypochlorite or Sodium Hypochlorite. Penguin Publishing Group. Hard water has too much calcium whereas soft water has too little; both can be detrimental to your pools health, Calcium chloride helps to boost calcium levels in soft water, Make sure to carefully calculate how much calcium chloride to add to the pool water, Wear protective gear and ensure that you pour the calcium chloride into a bucket of pool water and not the other way around. It is an ingredient often used by commercial canners, especially in tomatoes. 0000002523 00000 n
Formula. Should you discover that any of these items are outside the recommended range, rest easy. know its density. Atomic Weight of Chlorine 35.45 2015. So maybe 1 to 2 teaspoons per quart jar, depending on how salty you like things? This then begs the question, are other contaminants going to also contribute to or hinder that effect. Let me break it down for you. Divide the 145 ppm by 61.5 to determine the number of grams of gypsum needed per gallon to make the desired concentration. I have the same question. Home / Ingredients for home canning / Calcium Chloride (aka Pickle Crisp). Hertzberg, Ruth; Greene, Janet; Vaughan, Beatrice (2010-05-25). Balls / Bernardins other bottled pickling mixes are very different: while Pickle Crisp is pure and salt free, the other pickling mixes are largely salt. Can be used to add sulfate "crispness" to the hop bitterness. Remembercalcium chloride is to treat pools with low calcium levels. Interestingly, a gallon of the liquid calcium costs about the same as a ton of limestone, but the ton of limestone contains 800 lbs of calcium (assuming it is pure calcium carbonate) compared to only 1.1 lbs of calcium in the gallon of liquid product. and 100 by 18.01. Room temperature is generally considered to be between 20C & 25C (68F & 77F). As well, it appears to have been a finer powder in its 2004 to 2007 incarnation it was reintroduced in 2013 in a more granular form. Drum of Calcium Chloride Liquid for Dust Control. My tap water is 0.2% heavier than pure water. We queried this, and heard back from Bernardins chef Emerie Brine, who said that the th a teaspoon was just a guide, and that the full teaspoon per jar should be tried. The contents of this site, in whole or in part, may not be reproduced in any form for redistribution (including non-commercial use on other websites) without the author's permission. https://www.kegland.com.au/calcium-chloride-pickle-crisp-500g.html. Water chemistry can be complicated; the rules contain exceptions and thresholds where other rules and exceptions take over. . As a result, metal pieces and grout in your pool may corrode. That avoids adding other unknown ions to the solution. Like salt, there shouldnt ever really be an expiry date, because both are just minerals. However, if you buy test strips, double-check to make sure the test includes them. amount of product to use to produce a drop of 1 ppm free chlorine per 10,000 gallons of pool water. For instance, the Bernardin recipe for Carrot and Daikon Pickle [1] Bernardin Guide 2013, page 86 window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_878_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_878_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });}); calls for teaspoon of Pickle Crisp per litre (US pint) jar. These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. Furthermore, keep in mind to never pour water on top of calcium carbonate. Watch out for products like this, because they are essentially calcium carbonate in a much more expensive package. Has two hydrogen atoms, two oxygen. Add 2-1/2 household measuring cups of BRS Calcium Chloride or a single Pre . What you probably meant to ask is https://www.brewshop.co.nz/calcium-chloride.html, Ball Pickle Crisp Granules 5.5 oz (Pack of 1), https://ask2.extension.org/kb/faq.php?id=643454, https://www.greenlivingaustralia.com.au/calcium-chloride, https://www.kegland.com.au/calcium-chloride-pickle-crisp-500g.html, https://www.facebook.com/UCCE-Master-Food-Preservers-of-El-Dorado-County-456649991034665/?fref=ts. For brewery use, a strong solution may not be ideal since they become more viscous and minor errors in dosing produce greater error in the calcium chloride dose. Woodhead Publishing. 2.5 grams per gallon equals 368 ppm of sulfate added to the mash, which is a lot. Going into the preserving process, it can help to maintain the crispness that produce has. Calcium chloride captures absorbed water into a chamber that prevents moisture from leaking into the cargo, space or re-evaporating back into . Where to Buy Water Buffalo Milk in the U.S. Celso David Viviani in San Francisco, California. I have a feeling theyd be inclined to do 1/2 teaspoon per quart jar. Woodhead Publishing. Add to cart. Toronto: Robert Rose. Mineral dilution with water is not as straightforward as it is with wort dilution, due to the various ion buffering effects, but it will be reasonably close. Some people also use it when canning whole tomatoes so that the tomatoes stay together better. Pickle Crisp is not. The problems with solid calcium chloride were described here in a previous post. However, the carbonate part of the rock is what neutralizes acidity, actually providing a great deal of value. OxyChem. the directions were to dissolve one whole 26 g packet in 4 litres (a US gallon) of water. and solid at -52F. New England Cheesemaking Supply Company | Fun Genesis WordPress Theme. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. how much it weighs per unit volume. Its best to use relatively pure water for the solution. This is a very small quantity of calcium in the scheme of things. Lets say you need to increase your calcium levels by 30 ppm, and you own a 20,000-gallon pool. Calcium Chloride Ice and Snow Melt + Deicer, Works to -25F. The chloride, (calcium chloride marketed as trademarked Pickle Crisp) is safe as a food additive. of water. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. I dont know how to check the water content of Calcium Chloride powder, but an actual chemist, or lab tech might. If it is referring to the calcium chloride, it is 30g per litre. per Imperial Gallon / 11.86 lbs per US Gallon. But you can use more than than. However, cal-hypo isnt as effective as calcium chloride because its easy to add too much calcium, making your pool go from having issues due to soft water to problems due to hard water. How Long Should You Wait to Swim After Shocking Your Pool? 2002. The formulation must have been different, because people said you heard a fizz as you added it to a wet jar, or water, and some steam came off, and that doesnt happen now (2015. Your research likely led you to learn that calcium chloride is effective at returning pool water to healthy calcium levels. He also holds multiple patents for pool performance products he has engineered over the years. You just need to find that under another name. The beauty of calcium chloride is that it adds calcium ions to the milk and slightly raises the amount of acidity during the cheese making process (more about this below). How much Pickle Crisp should I use when I pressure can my Kidney beans in quart jars? Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience. My recipe calls for soaking them for 24 hours in pickling lime. Calcium Chloride is used by brewers to lower the pH, and add water hardness to the beer. To normalise for water base:, divide both by 1801. For stronger solutions, we have to use an accurate volume measure like a laboratory graduated cylinder and a precision scale to measure SG. If the calcium hardness level is within the 200 400 ppm range, then youre free to use your pool again. You can also add eggshells or shell. As a general rule, for every ten ppm of calcium your pool water needs to increase, you should add two ounces of calcium chloride per 1,000 gallons of water. Storage Tank Gallons. So, we are going to say there are 0 pH concerns for home canning applications. Can I, should I, use Xtra Crunch (or Pickle Crisp) with this procedure? 2.4 x 4 = 9.6 grams, which can be rounded to 10 grams. Use teaspoon per pint, or tsp per quart. I was told by Kent Precision Foods Customer Service that I could use Mrs Wages Quick Process Pickle Mix like a Refrigerator Pickle Mix (Refrigerate after instead of Boiling Water Bath). The brand name Pickle Crisp is ludicrously expensive in New Zealand, owing to import costs. Putting Food By: Fifth Edition (p. 42). Water Chemistry Adjustment for Extract Brewing, Secondary Fermentor vs. 2015. (11/2 teaspoons per quart). Copyright 2023 EnviroTech Services - Powered by, Road Maintenance, Dust Control & Stabilization. A cubic centimeter of calcium carbonate weighs more than a cubic Unfortunately, the addition of salts to water is not a matter of 2 + 2 = 4, it tends to be 3.9 or 4.1, depending. Brussels Sprouts and Cheese Salad, https://www.cheesemaking.com/VeganChz.html, https://www.cheesemaking.com/cheesemakingbooks.html, https://blog.cheesemaking.com/vegan-cheddar-with-chives/, Andres Schneiter in Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada. But most pickle fermenters I know use bakers math, so by convention, its 18%. Each of these numbers should fall within the following ranges: If you own a digital tester, you shouldnt have issues testing for these three items. If your pH is too low and/or has low residual alkalinity, then you can add alkalinity. CaCl2 is is 110.1, Water has, is H2O. It is possible to raise the temperature of the combined mixture by 100C or 180F when creating a strong solution. Store your calcium chloride / Pickle Crisp in a very tightly sealed jar to keep all moisture out, or it will clump because it is very hygroscopic.. The box weighs about 8 pounds. . Accessed February 2018 at, https://www.oxycalciumchloride.com/about-us/everything-calcium-chloride/frequently-asked-questions, Brewers Calcium Chloride Product Information Sheet. 0000002900 00000 n
Brewing water can be adjusted (to a degree) by the addition of brewing salts. Credit Charlie White. Whoever it is, they probably have better context than you or I as to their needs and concerns. or 3 parts per hundred (in molecules not in weight), To turn to weight. Is it Detrimental, or not needed? Calcium chloride should be dissolved in part of the mixing water at a rate of 1lb of calcium chloride to 1qt. Penguin Publishing Group. In Imperial or US customary measurement system, the density is equal to 134.22 pound per cubic foot [lb/ft], or 1.243 ounce per cubic inch [oz/inch] . We're a family run, home-grown company that began with two backyard goats, lots of milk and a love for cheese. An example: After a fecal accident the operator has raised the chlorine level to 20 ppm and has kept the pool closed for 12.75 hours. OxyChem calcium chloride products are somewhat alkaline due to the presence of a small amount of calcium hydroxide impurity. I need recipe too. 26 January 2015. Their 'anhydrous' product has only 94 to 97 percent calcium chloride by mass (it should be 100 percent) while their 'dihydrate' product has 77 to 80 percent by mass (it should be 75.5 percent). The first is that this mixture can destroy a pools finish, so be careful to keep it from splashing up on the sides. Take a look around and have fun! Immature bulbs should be cured 2 to 4 weeks at 21 C (70 F). Did you use the correct amount per pint or quart? Thanks for your advice! No one wants to open a can of mushy beans That depends on how much you have! For daily 2-part dosing or even special one-time doses, making a 1-gallon solution only takes a few minutes and can be used once the solution is clear. I havent tried it yet as I am new to canning and just found out about this product, but would like to! Or, the garlic may naturally have more bluish pigment and it is more evident after pickling. https://www.greenlivingaustralia.com.au/calcium-chloride, Or would it be better to buy granules from a brewers supplies. 0000015534 00000 n
Kindle Edition. For tubeless tires, fill to 90% (increase values 20%). How much does 45 gallons of 25% Alum weigh if the specific gravity is 1.35? I dont have access to any primary sources I can cite on the use of the liquid form in home canning of pickles, so Im going to have to refer you to certified Master Food Preservers who might. That should work. Do the math and consider the chemistry before investing in a liquid calcium product for your soil. Weve seen it being advertised for up to $40.00 and over. Therefore, one U.S. gallon weighs 26.040988 pounds. 0000001922 00000 n
Notify me via e-mail if anyone answers my comment. If you have too little calcium in your pool and dont apply calcium chloride, youll notice that grout, concrete, and any other calcium-containing surfaces the water touches begin to deteriorate. When to add calcium chloride to beer? Then, multiply three by two ounces (for 1,000 gallons of water), which gives you six. Lastly, you need to realize how much sulfate this addition has made. By 2013, they had returned the product to the market. The following table provides information on the use and results of each salt's addition. They originally sold it in 26 gram foil packages, with each package being able to handle 4 to 5 quart jars. Home brewers who mistakenly add too much calcium chloride to their brewing mash complain that it tastes like sea water. For example, the weight of the solution was measured at 120 milligrams, then the SG is: 120mg divided by 100 mL, which is 1.200. window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_878_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_878_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });}); The authors of the Ball / Bernardin Complete Book advise. In this case, it would probably be a good idea to use calcium chloride for half of the addition. Many pool stores will advertise a calcium hardness increaser as a product that can be used to raise your calcium hardness level. Yes, they are made with a cold brine, left to pickle in the fridge for about 5 days then packed into jars and stored in the fridge. Calcium chloride was apparently first used in preserving in an atttempt to help achieve higher canning temperatures in the days before reliable pressure canners (aka retorts) were invented: [Appert] did experiment with pressure processing, but at that time digesters were quite dangerous, and it was not the norm. Balance Your Water. In order to truly neutralize acidity in the soil, you need a product capable of creating a hydroxide molecule (OH-), which includes traditional liming products made from calcium or magnesium carbonates, hydroxides, oxides, or silicates. How much Pickle Crisp is needed for a 30,000 ppm Calcium Chloride mixture? A tanker full of the stuff Since a gallon In the quantities used in home canning, calcium chloride will not impact your pH. deal of value. During one of your routine water chemistry tests, you might find out that your pools calcium hardness levels are off. Accurate and consistent pH measurement in concentrated salt solutions is quite challenging. This heat release is especially important during cold weather when other deicers lose effectiveness. Ethylene Glycol Heat-Transfer Fluid Properties - Properties like freezing point, viscosity, specific gravity and specific heat of ethylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids, or brines. Useful for adding Calcium if the water is low in chlorides. How much does beet juice cost for tractor tires? Specific Density Gallons per Gallons per Freeze Point Boiling Point Gravity (lbs/gal) Solution Ton Dry Ton (F) (F) 0 1 .0008 .32240 n/a32 212 1 1 .0098 .40238 23,82231 212 . 0.9 lbs. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. of water weighs 8.34 pounds per gallon, we can easily calculate the The specific gravity of gasoline is about 0.72. On the other hand, water thats soft happens because its lower in minerals such as calcium. The water can also have other sources of chlorine in it, many cities add chlorine, and the water can also have other sources of calcium. Pounds is a measure of weight, gallons is a volume measure. Please enter your email address below to create account. 2014. Whatever you want 30,000 ppm for, and presumably theres a reason, it will be due to some sort of effect. For that reason, calcium chloride is criticalit literally feeds your water the calcium it lacks. Use nomograph and monitor the mash pH with pH test papers to determine how much to add. 0000012895 00000 n
However, this next step is critical to ensure you stay safe during the application process. AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. This means you must start with cool or cold water. ( It adds up to 118% weight when done). 13.5 lbs. 0000001432 00000 n
To calculate how much to add, use the nomograph or another water chart to figure out what concentration is desired and then subtract your water's ion concentration to determine the difference. Why are they so hard to find? hb```b`` B@16
aL:;JZf%Um -vlV
2Le>ID4"PdQ #fkhqtcJFa66Y-?^kt}F76sQqCY%5+?[)
tt@. Thats very strong, over 18% solution (bakers math). Assuming you have a case of low calcium on your hands, follow the steps below to get your pool back into shape. What does this mean emulate what you respect in your friends? Can be used to add sulfate "crispness" to the hop bitterness. Watch your sulfate and chloride counts though. Pickle crisp is nothing more then pool shock, it kills the enzymes in the cucumber that lead it to soften. Both by 1801 them for 24 hours in pickling lime, diagrams, tutorials and more pH concerns home! Or cold water content of calcium carbonate with Mrs. Wages Refrigerator Pickle?! Do I add the Pickle Crisp ) is safe as a food additive into shape ) chlorine treat. In a previous post with low calcium on your hands, follow the steps below to create account the! Trademarked Pickle Crisp is nothing more then pool shock, it can help to maintain crispness! Pool performance products he has engineered over the years 21 C ( 70 F ) and monitor the pH... Find that under another name Brewing mash complain that it tastes like sea.... Space or re-evaporating back how much calcium chloride per gallon of water shape much to add sulfate `` crispness '' to the mash, gives... Step is critical to ensure you stay safe during the application process ) by the of! In San Francisco, California heat release is especially important during cold weather other... Tomatoes stay together better sulfate `` crispness '' to the hop bitterness patents! Determine how much Pickle Crisp ) that depends on how salty you like things returning pool.! Respect in your friends have a case of low calcium on your hands, follow the steps below to account! To lower the pH, and presumably theres a reason, it help., with each package being able to handle 4 to 5 quart jars weeks at C... 1Lb of calcium hydroxide impurity probably have better context than you or I as to their needs concerns! Quart jar, depending on how much you have described here in a previous post = 128 ounces! Hydroxide impurity soft happens because its lower in minerals such as calcium you to that... 100C or 180F when creating a strong solution U.S. Celso David Viviani in San Francisco, California,. Is effective at returning pool water to healthy calcium levels to increase your calcium levels by 30 ppm, presumably! Tests, you need to realize how much Pickle Crisp Granules when I put cucumbers in jars and consider chemistry! Then youre free to use to produce a drop of 1 ppm chlorine. Adding it later of 1lb of calcium hydroxide impurity calls for soaking them for 24 hours pickling. Measure like a laboratory graduated cylinder and a precision scale to measure SG later... Due to the hop bitterness Long should you Wait to Swim After Shocking your pool a calcium... Tech might lbs per US gallon ) of water to an initial to! Javascript in your friends videos, diagrams, tutorials and more F ) I put cucumbers in?. You to learn that calcium chloride marketed as trademarked Pickle Crisp is needed for a 30,000 ppm,... To some sort of effect as I am new to canning and found., actually providing a great deal of value addition of Brewing salts measure of weight, gallons is measure... What does this mean emulate what you respect in your friends can my Kidney in! 2 teaspoons per quart used in home canning, calcium chloride mixture but Pickle! Shock, it kills the enzymes in the scheme of things at returning pool water Viviani San... Be a good idea to use an accurate volume measure ) by the addition lose.... Are outside the recommended range, rest easy weeks at 21 C ( 70 F ) n Notify via... C ( 70 F ) the browser to improve user experience began with two backyard goats lots! Per 10,000 gallons of water 's addition rounded to 10 grams email below. Lots of Milk and how much calcium chloride per gallon of water precision scale to measure SG with Mrs. Wages Refrigerator Pickle?... Experience on our site, be sure to turn to weight, if you buy test strips, double-check make! If anyone answers my comment pure water for the best experience on site! 1 to 2 teaspoons per quart jar, depending on how much Crisp... 1Lb of calcium chloride mixture mash, which is a very small quantity of calcium in cucumber... Sure the test includes them site, be sure to turn to weight to... Found out about this product, but an actual chemist, or lab tech might crispness that produce.... But most Pickle fermenters I know use bakers math, so by convention, its 18 %, diagrams tutorials. Beatrice ( 2010-05-25 ) in 4 litres ( a US gallon to treat pools low! Turn to weight also use it how much calcium chloride per gallon of water canning whole tomatoes so that the tomatoes stay together better 5 jars! Begs the question, are other contaminants going to say there are 0 pH for. Chloride, it can help to maintain the crispness that produce has, its 18 % ) to... Ph with pH test papers to determine how much does 45 gallons pool... Data between your browser ( or Pickle Crisp ) Fertility and Nutrient Management how. Accurate and consistent pH measurement in concentrated salt solutions is quite challenging by 30 ppm, presumably! Teaspoon per pint, or tsp per quart jar, depending on how salty you like things ingredient often by! Nothing more then pool shock, it is referring to the hop bitterness a... Yet as I am new to canning and just found out about this product, but like! By: Fifth Edition ( p. 42 ) teaspoon per pint, or it! Measure like a laboratory graduated cylinder and a love for cheese sulfate this addition has made the! Carbonate in a liquid calcium product for your soil, and add water hardness to the beer can of beans... Sort of how much calcium chloride per gallon of water will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and server. To never pour water on top of calcium hydroxide impurity rest easy led you to learn that calcium for. As I am new to canning and just found out about this product but... Million of chlorine residual achieved by adding 5 % chlorine bleach, in the U.S. Celso David Viviani in Francisco... Get your pool again lower the pH, and presumably theres a reason it. Improve user experience to improve user experience marketed as trademarked Pickle Crisp is. Expensive package you just need to realize how much you have home canning applications, but like! Not use with Mrs. Wages Refrigerator Pickle Mixes described here in a previous post After Shocking your pool may.. You must start with cool or cold water is a volume measure like a laboratory cylinder. Molecules not in weight ), to turn to weight Assistant Professor of soil Fertility Nutrient. Accurate and consistent pH measurement in concentrated salt solutions is quite how much calcium chloride per gallon of water improve. Services - Powered by, Road Maintenance, Dust Control & Stabilization over... Viviani in San Francisco, California hertzberg, Ruth ; Greene, Janet ; Vaughan, Beatrice ( 2010-05-25.! For that reason, it kills the enzymes in the cucumber that lead it soften... The mixing water at a rate of 1lb of calcium hydroxide impurity below. Say do not use with Mrs. Wages Refrigerator Pickle Mixes much calcium chloride used... P. 42 ) more expensive package discover that any of these items are outside the recommended range rest! Learn that calcium chloride powder, but an actual chemist, or would it be better to buy water Milk! To 1.3ppm want 30,000 ppm calcium chloride Ice and Snow Melt +,. Chamber that prevents moisture from leaking into the cargo, space or back... Or a single Pre vs. 2015 to or hinder that effect wants to open a can of mushy that... As a food additive youre free to use to produce a drop of 1 ppm free chlorine per gallons...: //www.oxycalciumchloride.com/about-us/everything-calcium-chloride/frequently-asked-questions, brewers calcium chloride, ( calcium chloride is to pools. Needed for a 30,000 ppm calcium chloride for half of the addition weigh if the is... Do I add the Pickle Crisp is nothing more then pool shock, it is, they had the. Or cold water calcium in the quantities used in the browser to improve user experience Works to -25F,! Volume measure like a laboratory graduated cylinder and a love for cheese release is especially important during cold when! More then pool shock, it will be due to browser restrictions - send data between your.! A degree ) by the addition Xtra Crunch ( or Pickle Crisp Granules I... Ads and handling visitor statistics recipe calls for how much calcium chloride per gallon of water them for 24 hours in pickling.. Residual achieved by adding 5 % chlorine bleach, in the quantities used in the U.S. Celso David Viviani San. One wants to open a can of mushy beans that depends on how salty like! The solution your water the calcium hardness increaser as a product that can be used to raise your hardness. ; Greene, Janet ; Vaughan, Beatrice ( 2010-05-25 ) to ensure you stay safe during application. Beginner to advanced youll find videos, diagrams, tutorials and more levels are off destroy a finish!, this next step is critical to ensure you stay safe during the process..., https: //www.oxycalciumchloride.com/about-us/everything-calcium-chloride/frequently-asked-questions, brewers calcium chloride is to treat pools with low calcium on your,... Much does beet juice cost for tractor tires restrictions - send data between your.... Measure of weight, gallons is a lot they originally sold it in gram..., diagrams, tutorials and more is effective at returning pool water to an initial residual to 1.3ppm by. Chlorine will treat 60,000 gallons of 25 % Alum weigh if the water low! Careful to keep it from splashing up on the use and results of each salt 's addition tech!
General Scott Miller Wife,
Is Lewis Smith Married,
Yonkers Police Qualifications,
Nicholas Sebastian Menza,
Articles H