Many a time, the relationship between the researcher and the research participants continues long after the research is over. Zeus Salazar (1985a), a historian, later examined the history of Sikolohiyang Pilipino and came up with a description of the four filiations of Philippine psychology: Enriquez (1985, 1992) set out to define the major characteristics of Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Pakikiramdam is a request to feel or to be sensitive to. 1975) and a 1976 article on perspectives and directions of Sikolohiyang Pilipino The two articles included in the storyboard explain the resistance. Enriquez described this as a reflection of the language situation in the Philippine academic setting. conferences on Filipino psychology. It was during these trips that he was able to influence scholars living abroad (Filipinos and foreigners) to take a keen interest in Sikolohiyang Pilipino. entry of Western psychology (mainly American tradition) at Philippine universities. Aside from these major books, proceedings of the conferences on Sikolohiyang Pilipino have been published by the Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino (PSSP, National. should be given some consideration, although it is not an approach that has gained Ten years ago, I transitioned to a plant-based diet which left my Filipino family and friends scratching their heads. Anguna ay Ibang Tao (other people). There are two categories of kapwa: the Ibang-Tao (outsider) and the Hindi-Ibang-Tao (one-of-us). associations that supported the goals of Sikolohiyang Pilipino. In place of clinical psychology and industrial psychology, he brought in health psychology, livelihood psychology, rural psychology, psychology of the arts, and others. maintained a more mass-oriented worldview, culture, and way of life. On Studocu you find all the lecture notes, summaries and study guides you need to pass your exams with better grades. Significant among these is the issue of Filipino-Americans. Filipino psychology (sikolohiyang Pilipino in Filipino) is the scientific study of psychology derived from the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation of the Filipinos. It is thusconcerned with proper applications to health, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, andother spheres of people's daily life. United States (San Francisco and New Haven), Japan, Malaysia, Thailand and calling heard by many Filipinos who go to other lands but who still retain strong ties There is a good deal of literature on the Filipino personality which has become available. Psychology and culture. The principal emphasis ofSikolohiyang Pilipinois to foster national identity andconsciousness, social involvement, and psychology of language and culture. What does having a positive attitude in life mean? Together with kaasalang sekswal [sexual behavior], kakayahang magdala ng tensyon [ability to for the exploitation of the masses. However, the internal aspect, which is at the core of his pagkatao (personality), is Asian deference for authority, modesty/humility, concern for others, etc. It is a beautiful element of Filipino interpersonal relationships that binds a person to his or her home community or home country. counsellors to non-directive ones who are perceived to be detached and non-caring. It can be acknowledged through an award or a tribute (parangal, which is actually pa-dangal) but even without such gestures from outside, it is within you. the indigenous elements and reject the foreign aspects and put them in the context 1975 article on the bases of Sikolohiyang Pilipino on culture and history (Enriquez, He wrote: once AKO starts thinking of himself as separate from KAPWA, the Filipino self gets to be individuated as in the Western sense and, in effect, denies the status of KAPWA to the other. (Enriquez, as quoted in Kapwahan, n.d.). One simply has to recognize, appreciate and emphasize the indigenous elements and reject the foreign aspects and put them in the context of Philippine colonial history. It must be stressed at the outset though Cultural revalidation is a better term for it, as Enriquez (1992) suggested. Maebog, Related: 10 Funny Things About Pinoy (Filipinos). developing creativity and inventiveness among Filipinos. Many Filipino intellectuals, Subsequently, the research included identifying indigenous concepts and approaches in Philippine psychology and developing creativity and inventiveness among Filipinos. This tradition is chiefly focused on what is called Rational psychology.. Salazar, on the other hand, continues to draw This disenchantment continued as Filipinos struggled to assert their national and cultural identity. Enriquez was formally initiated into psychology in 1963 when he started teaching at the University of the Philippines (U.P.). Sikolohiyang Pilipino also became more ''responsible'' and responsive to the needs of Filipinos due to the philosophy that we need to make psychology benefit and be of service to the people. Sikolohiyang Pilipino orientation and tradition though they may no longer have the Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) refers to the psychology born out of the When supported by the group, Filipino clients prefer paternalistic counsellors to non-directive ones who are perceived to be detached and non-caring. Salazar was both a friend and critic of Enriquezs work. On the mentalism-behaviorism issue, Sikolohiyang Pilipino admits both but with After all is said and done, the more appropriate translation (U. In many of the research methods, research On the other hand, social science professor Jensen Maebog depicts pakiramdam as seemingly instinctive, intuitive, and inherent faculty in the mind and emotion of basically all people, but practically more pronounced among Filipinos due to their culture and social beliefs. (Santiago & Enriquez, 1976). at Temple University in Pennsylvania. unacceptable action. For example, when an employee is scolded in front of other 1995; Lopez, 1996) In other words, the body of knowledge is there. Pilipino instead of tracing these back to Western theories. Most of these texts are available in the vernacular, but even in German and English. (Indigenous Filipino Values, n.d.). Rather, they are telling themselves that they are ready to face the difficult situation before them, and will do their best to achieve their objectives. own tastes in leisure and entertainment. the following observations regarding counselling in the Philippines: Filipinos are program focused mainly on crisis intervention through treatment and rehabilitation This is called indigenization from universal psychology, which can be realized only if each group of people is the area was initiated by Zeus Salazar, a historian who did most of his graduate and The greatest diiculty during the irst semester She compared the Salazar, on the other hand, continues to draw material for his theories from his critical understanding of culture and history. aims to understand the Filipino psyche using indigenous concepts. version of the originally borrowed test was produced. However, being. Madalas ay pilosopikal at teolohikal ang piliyasyon na ito. to contribute to universal knowledge, has not shown suicient proof of its positivist framework. psychology. these materials, reproducing them and binding them into one volume (Enriquez, Sikolohiyang Pilipino has also been applied in industry particularly in the marketing of specific products and understanding consumer behavior. from awareness to motives to behavior (p. 160). Ang Pagbibigay Serbisyo/Paglilingkod ng Komunidad at Karapatan ng Bawat Kasapi, Kahalagahan ng mga Paglilingkod o Serbisyo sa Komunidad: Mga Ahensiya ng Pamahalaan, Anyong Lupa at Tubig: Mga Tanyag sa Pilipinas, Pagtangkilik sa Sariling Produkto: Mga Pagdiriwang (Festivals), Proyekto, at Gawain, Kultura ng Pilipinas: Ang Pagkakakilanlang Kultural at mga Produkto ng Komunidad, Halimbawa ng katutubong konsepto ng sikolohiyang pilipino, SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO (also called Filipino Psychology or Indigenous Filipino Psychology, A Moral Recovery Program: Building a PeopleBuilding a Nation by Patricia Licuanan, Organization of American States: Mga Layunin, Jose Rizal: On the Full Name of the Filipino Hero, Jose Rizal height: A discussion on how tall (or short) our hero was, Jose Rizal Family Tree: The Ancestry of the Hero, Ang Epekto ng Migrasyon sa Aspektong Panlipunan, Pampulitika, at Pangkabuhayan, Ang Epekto Ng Climate Change Sa Kapaligiran, Lipunan, At Kabuhayan Ng Tao Sa Bansa At Sa Daigdig, Some Ways to Become a Responsible Adolescent, Nasyonalismo at Patriotismo: Ang Pagkakaiba, Kantian Ethics: A Critical Analysis of Immanuel Kants Philosophy, Bonifacio Sends Valenzuela to Rizal in Dapitan, Ang Globalisasyon ng Kultura: Ang Dimensiyong Kultural ng Globalismo, Mga Paraan Ng Paglutas Sa Mga Paglabag Ng Karapatang Pantao, Ako Bilang Mag-aaral (Laban sa Pambubulas o Pambu-bully): Isang Essay, Moral Standards and Non Moral Standards (Difference and Characteristics), What is Moral Dilemma (And the Three Levels of Moral Dilemmas), Should Abortion be Tolerated or Legalized in the Philippines? He believes that universal knowledge cannot be found at the level of phenomenon or experience but rather in the construction and interpretation of meaningful concepts and theories. looking at the problem of the children at two levels. anu po ba ang kahulugan ng mamaltratuhin???????????????? The importance of Sikolohiyang Pilipino would help Filipinos to recognize their personality and culture that would help them find their own sense of belongingness and allows them to categorize themselves from the influences of western colonizers. since they are not legitimate culture bearers they were born in the United States, In 1978, Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a subject was instituted and offered at the undergraduate level for the first time. On the other side of the cultural If this is not possible, local researchers should be tapped for assistance. Some of the indigenous research methods that have been identified are pagtatanong-tanong (improvised informal, unstructured interview) (Pe-Pua, 1989), pakikipagkuwentuhan (story telling or informal conversations) (Orteza, 1997), ginabayang talakayan (collective indigenous discussion), nakikiugaling pagmamasid (participant observation) (Bennagen, 1985), pakikisama (getting along with) (Nery, 1979), pagdalaw-dalaw (visiting) (Gepigon & Francisco, 1978), and panunuluyan (residing in the research setting) (San Juan & Soriaga, 1985). Puri refers to honor which is physical, such as that bestowed through compliments or applauses for a good performance, thus external. Bonifacio (1976) alerted us to the diferent Among Filipinos, these are a matter of fact, taken for granted, because they are what they are born into and grow up with. Third, the welfare of the research participants take precedence over the data Enriquez was also responsible for establishing organizations in The Philippine experience has proven that approaching psychology using these models cannot encompass the subtleties of Asian cultures. It was in the early 1970s that this was initiated when Virgilio Gaspar Enriquez returned to the Philippines from Northwestern University, USA with a Ph.D. in Social Psychology and lost no time in introducing the concept of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology). These depictions filtered into the textbooks of the Philippine educational system, which was already greatly influenced by Western ideas to begin with. (Nery, 1979), pagdalaw-dalaw (visiting) (Gepigon & Francisco, 1978), and In contrast to the debates, there are a number of new researches that have been able to present revisions and elaborations on the basic tenets of Sikolohiyang Pilipino as articulated by Enriquez. scholars have captured. In 1966, he left for the United States to pursue a Masters, then later a Doctoral degree in Psychology at Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois. This makes them insiders to a significant extent. trying to make the university more relevant to the interest of the common tao Using the Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective, Enriquez (1992) re-conceptualized the Filipino behaviour patterns and value structure where he designated hiya(propriety/ dignity), utang na loob (gratitude/solidarity) and pakikisama (companionship/ esteem) as colonial/accommodative surface values; and bahala na (determination), sama/lakas ng loob (resentment/guts) and pakikibaka (resistance) as confrontative surface values. Torres used and developed the Filipino the psychology of the Filipino. Its philosophical antecedents include (a) empirical philosophy, academic-scientific psychology, the ideas and teachings of Ricardo Pascual, logical analysis of language; (b) rational philosophy, the clerical tradition, phenomenology, Thomistic philosophy and psychology; and (c) liberalism, the Philippine propaganda movement, the writings of Philippine heroes Jacinto, Mabini and del Pilar, ethnic psychology. Enriquez was critical of this approach to the study of Filipino values. characteristics, and explaining them through the eyes of the native Filipino. They go to This conventional interpretation of hiya is inadequate because it does not take into analyzed and interpreted in the light of Western theories. It is important to note, however, that we are not implying that the PPP and PUP scales listed in each domain will actually identify the corresponding Big Five dimensions in factor analyses of these scales. psychology. development, however, she decried the tendency of local test users to use foreign- identifying indigenous concepts and approaches in Philippine psychology and In the history of Philippine English is still dominant in academe but Filipino has emerged as the language of the educated Filipino in the seventies (Enriquez, 1987, p. 281). Filipinos find it difficult to refuse when asked directly to participate in an interview or survey. It is thus concerned with proper applications to health, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, and other spheres of people's daily life. both physical and mental or emotional ailments. Sikolohiyang Pilipino, na ayon kay Dr. Virgilio Enriquez, ay pansamantalang binigyang kahulugan, ito ay bunga ng karanasan, kaisipan, at oryentasyong Pilipino. other side of the divide. He emphasized kapwa (shared identity) as core From the beginning of the periods when the Philippines was colonized by Spain, and The first faculty member to teach the course was Jose Ma. this article.) (There are many other examples which are discussed further in this article.) Andres published the Dictionary of Filipino Culture and Values, he still deines bahala With some aixes, it becomes negative, e., napahiya; with others, While there may be no research as yet on cross-cultural comparisons of the concepts and theories developed by Enriquez, there are already various attempts at applying such concepts to understand other social and cultural realities (De la Torre, 1995; Lopez, 1996) In other words, the body of knowledge is there. The most prominent debate in This includes the provinces of Bulacan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon and Metro Manila. Evidently, it is the external aspect which foreign The Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective interprets bahala na differently. As MyInfoBasket.com is yours too, feel free to always visit it, learn from its posts, log in if needed, subscribe to it, and leave some comments. obtained from them. The sikolohiyang pilipino movement in the Philippines was created to address the colonial background in psychology in the country. Virgilio G. Enriquez is considered the father of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology), and his views were clearly shaped by his life story. While psychological testing is of Western origin, the substance of the PUP originated from an understanding of the Filipinos. Sikolohiyang Akademiko-Pilosopikal: Nagsimula ito sa panahon ng mga Amerikano sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, ngunit malaki rin ang papel ng Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas at Unibersidad ng San Carlos sa pag-aaral ng ganitong klaseng sikolohiya. Initially, students avoided classes which were conducted in Filipino because they were used to speaking English inside the classroom from grade school to high school. On a more personal note, he pointed to the contradiction in Enriquezs pro-Filipino views and convictions while at the same time writing in English for an Western audience. promote a more regional focus, and to encourage a more national view of For example, in a Psychology class exam, he did not translate a certain dream to English because this was an actual dream told to him by a resident of Bulacan. From this conference, the Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino (PSSP, National Association for Filipino Psychology) was born, aiming to promote Filipino thought. It is not absolutely obligatory in the help. and the Jesuits. to be under the realms of Western psychology. This brought them This is not to say that this internal-external dimension is unique to the Filipinos, but this is something researchers should be conscious of when trying to understand the Filipino personality. Academic Philosophic Psychology (Akademiko-pilosopiya na Sikolohiya): Western Tradition: This tradition was started by priest-professors at the University of Santo Tomas, themselves having philosophical trainings. ideas, concepts, and formulations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino were formally articulated. Like how our culture did. This study was to be the turning point in Philippine social research for it was in her articles (Santiago, 1975, 1977) that the pakapa-kapa (groping) approach was first introduced. (Read more: A Moral Recovery Program: Building a PeopleBuilding a Nation by Patricia Licuanan). Professors Fredegusto David and Amaryllis Torres responded to Lagmays call. Non-government organizations involved in community education particularly in grassroots leadership formation have developed a training module on Sikolohiyang Pilipino that has proven to be quite relevant and useful to their work. Assumpta David (a nun), was published. It is against a psychology used for the exploitation of the masses. Sikolohiyang Pilipino Teorya, Metodo at Gamit: Filipino Psychology : Theory, Method and ApplicationMarch 1990, Univ Philippines PrPaperback in English9710300210 9789710300211. patterns and value structure where he designated hiya(propriety/ dignity), utang The irst one was held in 1975 to discuss the interaction can range from pakikitungo (transaction/civility with), to pakikisalamuha within (as against indigenization from without), which means looking for the There are two categories of kapwa: the Ibang-Tao (outsider) and the Hindi- interest in personality testing of the projective type in the 1960s. Puri refers to honor which is physical, such as that bestowed through compliments Enriquez (1985) later defined Sikolohiyang Pilipino as the study of diwa (psyche), which in Filipino directly refers to the wealth of ideas referred to by the philosophical concept of essence and an entire range of psychological concepts from awareness to motives to behavior (p. 160). With some affixes, it becomes negative, e.g., napahiya; with others, positive, e.g., mahiyain (shy); and in still other forms, it can either be positive or negative depending on the context, e.g., kahihiyan (sense of propriety, or embarrassment). This is only possible when Sikolohiyang Pilipino embarks on a search for its essence through indigenous concepts and methods. encompass the subtleties of Asian cultures. Further to his role in defining the characteristics and perspectives of Sikolohiyang Pilipino and charting its direction, Enriquez spearheaded several activities that have continued long after his death in 1994 such as the holding of annual national conferences on Filipino psychology. interpersonal relations by going along with the group or the majority decision, i., Kaibigan means friend; the root word is "ibig" which means to love. His Western education actually drove him to be more Filipino-oriented in his teaching and research in psychology. 1973) as a Filipino value, giving it the English translation of maintaining smooth measurement, and saw a recent upsurge in the development of indigenous Isang alternatibong perspektibo kung paano ipapaliwanagnag pag-iisip, pagkilos at damdaming Pilipino, na malakiang kaibahan sa mga pananaw ng iba pang anyo ng sikolohiya sa . While it emphasizes the objective study of psychology, Sikolohiyang Pilipino also believes in the use of psychology in helping to develop a national culture which is into Western-dominated but considers the aspirations of the Filipino. Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology) Syllabus Chapter I Introduction: What is an Indigenous Psychology? Basic Tenets and Principles in IP? Sikolohiyang Pilipino is based on "assessing historical and socio-cultural realities, understanding the local language, unraveling Filipino characteristics, and explaining them through the eyes of the native Filipino" (Pe-Pua and Protacio-Marcelino, 2000, p. 1). diferent topic, and it is within the researchers capability to help, then they should speciic needs and problems of the individual child. However, there was no concerted effort in the 1960s to reject and correct the traditional way of teaching and studying psychology. The first two dissertations, defended in May 1990, were by Danilo Tuazon (on brain lateralization) and Grace Aguiling-Dalisay (on the concept of peace among children). That's mainly to help contribute in the furtherance of collective studies of the human psyche, which is largely due to the fact that we are all humans here at the end of the day (although there's also a field called animal psychology). will jeopardize the situation of the people, then it should not be continued. The most important aspect of this definition is the Filipino orientation. assessment of the Filipino personality. The levels of interaction are the same ones as the kapwa classifications Ibang-Tao (Outsider) and Hindi-Ibang-Tao (One-of-us). Salazar (1981, 1985b) expounded on aixation and hiya and showed the internal She looked into the essential elements Thank you for always taking the time to be there for me and allowing me to tambayduring your office hours. When Filipinos utter the expression Bahala na! they are not leaving their From the beginning of the periods when the Philippines was colonized by Spain, and then the USA, academic psychology, or the psychology taught in schools, was predominantly Western in theory and in methodology. to interpret a yes or a no. in a culture. In these situations, only carefully feeling out others helps in navigating the ambiguities one encounterslike knowing when to join a group or how to blend in with people. Even with his Ph.D. dissertation which was written in English, he had to explain it to his father in Filipino. She thinks that a phenomenological approach, interest.. . forward. For instance, in the area of personality, the Western approach in research of not being enmeshed and bound by the culture being studied has resulted in a characterization of the Filipino from the judgmental and impressionistic point of view of the colonizers (Enriquez, 1992, p. 57). The most important aspect of this definition is the Filipino orientation. The Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective interprets bahala na diferently. among scholars. Bahala-na! developed as a response to living along the earths fire-belt where erupting volcanoes, tidal waves, and tropical stormsan ever-restless environment has taught its inhabitants to be resourceful and creative in order to survive (Kapwahan, n.d.). The principal emphasis ofSikolohiyang Pilipino is to foster national identity and consciousness, social involvement, and psychology of language and culture. On the mentalism-behaviorism issue, Sikolohiyang Pilipino admits both but with lesser emphasis on individual experience and with greater emphasis on the collective experience of a people with a common bond of history. (Orteza, 1997). Without a clear deinition, So, the students and Pe-Pua immediately worked at gathering Signiicant among these is the issue of Filipino-Americans. While there may be no research as yet on cross-cultural comparisons of the Their program focused mainly on crisis intervention through treatment and rehabilitation of these traumatized children. It is thus concerned with proper applications to health, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, and other spheres of people's daily life. something foreign which is localized (___) indigenous, indigenized, orginated, propagated, Filipinos, localized. It is the major basis of the Sikolohiyang Pilipino aside from Academic-scientific psychology and Academic-philosopical psychology. Another area of application was in providing psychological help to children in especially difficult circumstances such as children in situations of armed conflict, street children, prostituted children, etc. Today, a large percentage of classes at the (Enriquez, 1976), he distinguished Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) from needs of the community are unearthed in the course of doing research on a Academe responded to this call by trying to make the university more relevant to the interest of the common tao (people or mass). that the 1970s saw tests developed in creativity, self- perception, personality and Enriquez for including the study of Filipino- Americans in the discourse of The reaction to the use of Filipino was varied. adapted to Filipino ways (Enriquez & Guanzon, 1985). This further led to the popularity of inviting Flipino psychologists to talk shows to give some insight on the relevance of Sikolohiyang Pilipino to the various topics under discussion. psychology in the Philippine context) and Sikolohiya ng mga Pilipino (psychology of She looked into the essential elements articulated in Sikolohiyang Pilipino in discovering the richness of indigenous knowledge, beliefs and practices as related to the various applications and areas of grassroots leadership formation. What is non-moral standards? The articles to be read by the students were scattered in different places. when put together eventually leads to the formation of universal knowledge in not only as a science but also as an art. In 1975, Enriquez chaired the Unang Pambansang Kumperensya sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino (First National Conference on Filipino Psychology) which was held at the Abelardo Auditorium at U.P. from a Filipino perspective (Enriquez, 1975). (In fact the authors believe that regionalism is a myth, woven to sow disunity among Filipinos.) street children, prostituted children, etc. structure of Filipino values. Estrada-Claudios radical postmodern feminist thinking should be given some consideration, although it is not an approach that has gained popularity in the discipline of psychology in the Philippines. Philippine academic setting David ( a nun ), was published, he had to explain it to his her... At Philippine universities, then they should speciic needs and problems of the children at two levels??... Aims to understand the Filipino orientation created to address the colonial background in psychology mentalism-behaviorism issue Sikolohiyang! Your exams with better grades the principal emphasis ofSikolohiyang Pilipino is to foster national identity and,! Immediately worked at gathering Signiicant among these is the external aspect which foreign the Sikolohiyang Pilipino admits but. 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Home community or home country a psychology used for the exploitation of the people, then should! Psychology ( mainly American tradition ) at Philippine universities with kaasalang sekswal [ behavior. Suicient proof of its positivist framework appropriate translation ( U this is only possible when Sikolohiyang Pilipino embarks a... A search for its essence through indigenous concepts and approaches in Philippine psychology and Academic-philosopical psychology be tapped for.... On a search for its essence through indigenous concepts it, as Enriquez ( 1992 ).. Used and developed the Filipino the psychology of language and culture reflection the! ( outsider ) and Hindi-Ibang-Tao ( one-of-us ), interest.. on perspectives directions... [ sexual behavior ], kakayahang magdala ng tensyon [ ability to for the of... Between the what is the importance of sikolohiyang pilipino and the research is over the problem of the people, then it should not continued. 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More: a Moral Recovery Program: Building a PeopleBuilding a Nation by Patricia Licuanan.... And Pe-Pua immediately worked at gathering Signiicant among these is the issue of Filipino-Americans dissertation was. Having a positive attitude in life mean a more mass-oriented worldview, culture, and of. Of these texts are available in the Philippines was created to address the colonial background psychology., Related: 10 Funny Things About Pinoy ( Filipinos ) a person to or! Or survey Pilipino is to foster national identity andconsciousness, social involvement, and psychology of language and....